john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford

http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I1123&tree=E http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I10386&tree= http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I197520&tree http://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/bedford.htm, http://www.thepeerage.com/p10187.htm#i101867. John died on 14 September 1435 at age 46 at Castle of Joyeux Repos, Rouen, Caux, France, without legitimate surviving issue. Attending the funeral of the French king would be the first duty for Bedford under his new appointment as Regent of France. Pernoud, Rgine. Just a moment while we sign you in to your Goodreads account. 29 p. 427-435. In 1428, the French retook the city of Orleans, killing the English commander the Earl of Salisbury. In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. Pronunciation of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford with and more for John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422-1432,[1][2] where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. As to Arthur, the English captured him at Agincourt and imprisoned him for several years. ", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John,_Duke_of_Bedford, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=93572472. 1435 . Johns second wife was the seventeen year old Jacquetta of Luxembourg, daughter of Peter I, Count of Saint-Pol. [9], In the Bedford Book of Hours,[10] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold "wood stocks" (cut tree stumps with roots), a heraldic badge of King Edward III, referring to Woodstock Palace. Retrieved January 16, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. John died during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral. He was an important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the "Bedford Master" and his workshop) and England. This marriage was also childless, although Jacquetta went on to have more than a dozen children in her second marriage to Richard Woodville (later Earl Rivers). [citation needed], There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham[11] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. He became the Lord Protector during Johns long absences in France. This last is signed in two places by Herman Scheere. Although Queen Isabeau agreed to cede the throne of France to Henry VI, Yolande, perceiving the threat posed to Anjou by the growing power of Burgundy, took the dissenting French court and the young Charles to the safety of Provence. Appears in: Henry IV, Part 1; Henry IV, Part 2; Henry V; Henry VI, Part 1. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 138914 September 1435), was a medieval English nobleman, soldier, and statesman. In the 2011 Philippa Gregory novel, The Lady of the Rivers, John features in a minor role as the first husband of its main character Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. 17294), both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 142023, which is English (British Library Add MS 42131). [S15] Les Valois (1990), Van Kerrebrouck, Patrick, (Villeneuve d'Ascq [France]: P. Van Kerrebrouck, 1990), FHL book 929.244 V247k., p. 367. - John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign . As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[6]. [S32] #150 [1879-1967] A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, Together with Memoirs of the Privy Councillors and Knights (1879-1967), Burke, Sir John Bernard, (London: Harrison, 1879-1967), FHL book 942 D22bup., 1967 ed. The English continued to suffer major losses in the following years and Bedford quarreled insecently with both his brother Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, and his Uncle Beaufort, Cardinal of Winchester in defending his losses in France. Stratford, Jenny. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Chipps Smith, Jeffrey (1984). Although Bedford was able to maintain his brother's achievements in France for several years after his death, the situation was becoming impossible to maintain. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families. He was well educated and had a great interest, Henry Grey Suffolk, duke of, d. 1554, English nobleman. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. He married Jacquette de Luxembourg (c1415-1472) 1433 JL Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belonged to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. She went on to have sixteen children and the knight became the first Earl Rivers for his services to Henry VI and his queen Margaret of Anjou. This last is signed in two places by Herman Scheere. When Joan of Arc was captured by the English, Jean sold all his family silver to raise another army and seized the town where Joan was held. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1996), FHL film 1553977-1553985.. [S81] #125 The Royal Daughters of England and Their Representatives (1910-1911), Lane, Henry Murray, (2 voulmes. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. Bedford was declared Regent of France, his nephew technically being heir to the throne of that country as well as to the Kingdom of England. ; Richard of Bedford and Mary of Bedford Her 4th child and second son, Anthony Woodville, 2nd Lord Rivers, financed and edited Caxtons printing of Chaucers Canterbury Tales. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. His demise further weakened the stability of the English court where opposing and increasingly vociferous factions now had no one sufficiently intimidating to hold them in check. John , duke of Bedford (13891435), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Oct 2007 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14844, accessed 1 Nov 2009]document.write(printCitationDate()). Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. After the Percies (the family that had played the biggest role in putting Henry on the throne) unsuccessfully rebelled against the king in 1403, John, along with many others, shared in the spoils they left behind and considerably increased his wealth. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his first wife Anne. 1389-1435. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. He was buried at Rouen Cathedral, Rouen, Caux, France.[3]. Error rating book. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432. 16567. In 2 Henry IV he is portrayed in a negative light when he dupes the Archbishop and Earl Marshal into dismissing their army, before arresting them for treason. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). (Incidentally, Coco Chanel was born in Saumur.). He is better known in history as the First Duke of Bedford. Not that this stopped Humphrey from dabbling in politics in an attempt to destabilize Johns alliances with other European magnates. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. Bolingbroke was crowned King of England, as Henry IV, on 13 October 1399. There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham [6] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. pp. This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. Husband of Anne de Burgundy and Jacquetta of Luxembourg, Countess Rivers Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (= 20). [S98] #18 Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europischen Staaten (1953-1978), Isenburg, Wilhelm Karl , Prinz von and Frank Baron von Freytag-Loringhoven, (5 volumes. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. Relevance. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. The French felt there was a world of difference between a mature victorious king and a baby boy they perhaps had a point given the chaos that often resulted in England when a child was on the throne. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. Yolandes grandson became Louis VII of France and her grand-daughter was Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of Henry VI of England whose mother Catherine of Valois was Charless sister. His wife died that year and, although he remarried the following year, he was clearly losing control of the situation in France. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War.Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the Royal arms of his father King Henry IV, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France. 3). In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen. The play focuses on his role as the last English Regent of France. In addition, out of wedlock he had a daughter named Mary, who married Pierre de Montferrand (d. 1454), son of the lord of Langoiran, Soudan de la Trau, and had issue; and a son, Richard. He became 3d marquess of Dorset on his father's death (1530), and in 1534 he married Frances,, A line of Catholic earls and dukes whose peerage dates back to the 11th century, when Ralph, a staller or constable of the court of Edward the Confes, Suffolk, Charles Brandon, 1st duke of (14841545). Henry V had relied upon John when he was away fighting to rule in his absence. [S712] #1039 Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families: with Their Collateral Branches in Denbighshire, Merionethshire (1914), Griffith, John Edwards, (Horncastle, England: W.K. He had no legitimate surviving issue.[5]. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. Refusing to surrender to be ransomed, Edward was killed with his men. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. He took the reigns of power for his brother three times in total. Jacquetta of Luxembourg was well-educated and so loved books that the Duke of Bedford bequeathed her his library. Bedford defeated the French several times, most notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. Marburg: J.A. How to say John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford in English? In the Philippa Gregory novel, "Lady of the Rivers" John features as the first husband of main character, Jacquetta of Luxembourg. His birthplace is unknown but some historians speculate that he was born in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire. [S37] #93 [Book version] The Dictionary of National Biography: from the Earliest Times to 1900 (1885-1900, reprint 1993), Stephen, Leslie, (22 volumes. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of BedfordKG(20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Father of Infant; N.N. Stargardt, 1953-1978), FHL book 940 D5f; FHL microfilms 251,160 items 1-3., vol. In 1431, Bedford had Joan tried and executed at Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI at Paris. Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window). John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . And he is famous, or perhaps infamous, for having Joan of Arc burnt at the stake for witchcraft. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. He was born in 1389. 19 volumes. Half brother of Edmund Labourde, "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. Brandon managed a spectacular career from modest beginnings. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage, Volume XIV. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, was born 20 June 1389 to Henry IV of England (1367-1413) and Mary de Bohun (c1368-1394) and died 14 September 1435 Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France of unspecified causes. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted . Bedford achieved a significant victory in 1424 at Verneuil against a large French and Scottish force. As Regent of France, he returns to his area of responsibility in an attempt to subdue the rebellions there. Medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Refresh and try again. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Anthony also supervised the education of his nephew Prince Edward, one of the Princes in the Tower. He continued to build up his influence and position in government throughout the remainder of his father's reign. In Tony Milne's play "Bloody Bedford", he is the protagonist, facing Joan of Arc. Johns first wife Anne of Burgundy gave the book to young Henry VI for Christmas in 1430 (I wonder how the grandchildren would react to a beautifully hand painted devotional text rather than the usual jigsaws, board games and selected Disney dvds). Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. 25447, fol. . Johns time in France had been successful the French might not have been his greatest admirers given his severe administration techniques- until about 1427 at which point a quiet country girl with a dodgy hair cut, a large sword and angels telling her what to do rather rained on his parade. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. Bedford was declared Regent but focused on the ongoing war in France, while during his absence, Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England. He died in 1435 at the age of forty-six at the siege of Rouen. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). Morton, 1914), FHL book Folio 942.9 D2gr; FHL microfilm 468,334., p. I. Geni requires JavaScript! Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family", "Anne, of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, 1404?1432", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, "John, duke of Bedford's arrangements for the defence of Normandy in October 1434", "Brigandage and Resistance in Lancastrian Normandy: A Study of the Remission Evidence", "The Treaty of Amiens (1423): Towards a Reconsideration", "A Vous Entier: John of Lancaster, 13891435", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_of_Lancaster,_Duke_of_Bedford&oldid=1126474769, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from December 2022, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2015, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 14:50. Posted on September 14, 2014 by JuliaH. The king renewed the Hundred Years War with France in 1415 and Bedford played a large part in the proceedings in support of his brother. The throne was inherited by the nine-month-old infant son of the former king, Henry VI. John died in 1435 during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral, near Henry the Young King. The first and second creations came in 1414 and 1433 respectively, in favour of Henry IV's third son, John, [clarification needed] who later served as regent of France. By the late 1420's, however, the French, under the guidance of the new King Charles VII and a young girl named Joan of Arc, began to fight back furiously. Biography. Bedford died during the congress of Arras in 1435, just as Burgundy was preparing to abandon the English cause and conclude a separate peace with Charles VII of France. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford - definition of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford by The Free Dictionary Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. Yolande taught Margaret etiquette, literature and accounting: had she married a sane king, Margaret would have been a great asset to England. [S23] #849 Burke's Guide to the Royal Family (1973), (London: Burke's Peerage, c1973), FHl book 942 D22bgr., p. 202. All are lavishly decorated and famous examples of the style of the period. The Oxford Companion to British History. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 410 478 pixels. 1 p. 240, vol. After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. Bedford was not as capable as his eldest brother Henry, but he was certainly an excellent commander and politician. In any event it didnt do Joan much good. After Joan was captured by Burgundian troops at Compiegne and then transferred to the English, Bedford had her put on trial by clergy who are listed in English government records and described by eyewitnesses as pro-English collaborators. When John's eldest brother Henry was crowned as Henry V in 1413, John was given a number of important responsibilities and was awarded several titles, most importantly, the Duchy of Bedford. John (given name) 1389 births 1435 deaths Knights of the Garter House of Lancaster Dukes of Bedford People of the Hundred Years' War Deaths in Rouen Non-topical/index: Uses of Wikidata Infobox Uses of Wikidata Infobox with no family name Uses of Wikidata Infobox with unknown country category Men by name People by name Deceased people by name Collapse. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. Death of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford at R Burial of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. Bedford was able to push back the Scots and recapture Berwick-Upon-Tweed and later recaptured other lost English territories. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. So when the Yorkists looked down their nose at Elizabeth Woodville, Jacquettas daughter and King Edward IVs wife, they were forgetting that she was the grand-daughter of a Count and that her mother had once been at the heart of the royal court albeit a Lancastrian one. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. preface lxiv. John of Lancaster was born in Rouen, Normandy on 20 June 1389, the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun. It is unlikely anyone else put in his station could have done any better. Brother of Edward Plantagenet, of Lancaster; Henry V of England; Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence; Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester; Blanche Plantagenet, of Lancaster, England, and 1 other; and Philippa of Lancaster, Princess of England, Queen of Denmark, Sweden & Norway less In, Norfolk, Thomas Mowbray, 1st duke of (136699). This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful King but for the baby Henry VI. [S6] G.E. Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. John, Duke of Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother fought the French in mainland Europe. He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. Between 1403 and 1405, grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. 1726. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke, JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Paris: Schlessinger frres, 1863-1877), FHL microfilms 661873-661882., p. 834. Much of the period of Henry VIs minority is filled with the political machinations of John and Humphrey who was created Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Pembroke. Contents 1 Life account 2 In literature 3 Titles, styles, honours and arms 3.1 Arms 4 Ancestry 5 References In the Bedford Book of Hours [7] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold uprooted tree-stumps. 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Bedford at R Burial of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford at R Burial of of. Is famous, or perhaps infamous, for having Joan of Arc burnt at the age of at... Year, he was well educated and had a great interest, Henry Suffolk... The opposition the play focuses on his role as the last English Regent of England and France during Congress... To say John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford 3 ] to build up his influence and in., and acted to your Goodreads account pick a style to see how all information... The plague in Paris in 1432, Henry Grey Suffolk, Duke of Bedford at R Burial of of. King, Henry VI, although he remarried the following year, he knighted. Johns alliances with other European magnates coronation and made a Knight of style. Could have done any better his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and Caen and soon most of.! Speculate that he was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in and.

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